Periodontal treatment focuses on preventing, diagnosing, and managing diseases that affect the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gums and the bone surrounding the teeth. The most common periodontal disease is gingivitis, which, if left untreated, can progress to a more severe condition known as periodontitis. Here are key aspects of periodontal treatment:
Professional Dental Cleanings:
Scaling and Root Planing: This is a deep cleaning procedure performed by a dental hygienist or dentist. It involves the removal of plaque and tartar (calculus) from the tooth surfaces, both above and below the gumline. Root planing smoothens the root surfaces to discourage further plaque and tartar buildup.
Home Care and Oral Hygiene:
Daily Brushing and Flossing: Maintaining a good oral hygiene routine is crucial for managing and preventing periodontal disease. Regular brushing and flossing help remove plaque, the sticky film of bacteria that contributes to gum inflammation.
Antibacterial Mouthwash: Dentists may recommend an antimicrobial or antibacterial mouthwash to help reduce bacterial levels in the mouth.
Periodontal Maintenance:
Regular Check-ups: Patients with a history of periodontal disease often require more frequent dental check-ups and cleanings to monitor the condition and prevent its recurrence.
Monitoring and Assessment: Regular examinations may include monitoring the depth of periodontal pockets, evaluating gum recession, and assessing overall oral health.
Periodontal Surgery:
Flap Surgery/Pocket Reduction Surgery: In cases of advanced periodontitis, surgical procedures may be necessary. This involves lifting the gum tissue to access and clean deep pockets, then securing the tissue back in place.
Bone Grafts: If bone loss has occurred, a bone graft may be performed to replace lost bone and support the stability of the teeth.
Soft Tissue Grafts: Gum grafting may be recommended to cover exposed tooth roots, improve the appearance of the gums, and protect the tooth from further damage.
Laser Therapy:
Laser-Assisted Periodontal Therapy: Dental lasers can be used as an adjunct to traditional periodontal treatments. They can target and remove infected tissue, promoting healing and reducing bacterial levels.
Antibiotics:
Topical or Oral Antibiotics: In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to control bacterial infection. They can be applied topically or taken orally.
Ongoing Patient Education:
Lifestyle and Diet: Educating patients about the role of lifestyle factors, such as smoking and diet, in periodontal health is essential. Smoking, for example, is a significant risk factor for periodontal disease.
Collaboration with Specialists:
Collaboration with Other Dental Specialists: Periodontists, who are dentists specializing in the treatment of periodontal disease, may collaborate with other dental specialists, such as prosthodontists and oral surgeons, to provide comprehensive care.